He went on to say that I have sent South all the State lists and none but you, North Carolina and South Carolina have done anything.It seems very strange to me that Virginia, who is so near and whose known list is not so great as yours does not recall her dead. He went on to say that if all could see what I have seen and know what I know, I am sure that there would be no rest until every Southern father, brother and son would be removed from the North.. Soldiers were generally buried where they fell, and any farmers field was likely to contain a grave. led by local merchant Samuel Weaver. (b . Appalling post-battle scenes had prompted Pennsylvania Gov. Watch. We have relinquished to you all our assets [and] have ever since felt that our responsibility was at an end. From Virginia, the prominent Hollywood Memorial Association based in Richmond approached Weaver to claim the dead from their state. Janney, Caroline E. Burying the Dead But Not the Past: Ladies Memorial Associations & TheLost Cause. #70 Mark Samuel #131 Taylor Weaver #46 Delaware Valley: W: FALL: 3:41: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #358 Michael Inks #110 Penn State Behrend: W: TF5: 16 - 0 2:12: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #3 Kyle Slendorn #8 Stevens Tech: L: MD: 16 - 5: 141 #70 Mark Samuel #53 Levi Englman #72 Ferrum: L: DEC: 9 - 6: 141 #70 Mark Samuel It appears that Egerton might have taken a different tack this time, for in 1902 a member of the Richmond chapter of the Daughters of the Confederacy reported to the HMA that an appeal had been made to UDC chapters across the South for the funds needed to pay the remaining debt owed to Weaver. (Weaver) Milhimes of Gettysburg, granddaughter Rebecca E. (Milhimes) Peterson and husband James of . William Samuel Weaver Obituary. Gettysburg National Cemetery is a United States national cemetery created for Union casualties from the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. In her bookThe Colors of Courage: Gettysburgs Forgotten History, Margaret Creighton notes that Biggs began working for others at the age of four. Allen Guelzo, author of Gettysburg: The Last Invasion,identifies him as a free black teamster in Baltimore., Although much about Biggs early years remains unclear, it is certain that in 1858 he moved his family from the slave state of Maryland to the free state of Pennsylvaniato a little town called Gettysburg. Margaret E. (b. The men picked up coffins at the railway station, brought them to the original burial site, and, under the supervision of a man named Samuel Weaver, took their time to inspect and remove the remains. Index cards for these men are not in NARA microfilm publication M554, Index to Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations From the State of Pennsylvania (136 rolls) because the cards were never received by NARA. We encourage you to research and examine . Several years later, his son would pick up his father's work to send Confederate burials south. WEAVER Samuel B. Weaver, 81 years old, Columbus, Ohio, died August 19, born January 31, 1926 in Gettysburg, PA. HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines. As many as nine rebels were accidently buried among their Yankee foes, according to the National Park Service.). Creighton quotes a Gettysburg resident who witnessed their effort: Words would fail to describe the grateful relief that this work has brought to many a sorrowing household! . It would turn out that Biggs had moved his family into the epicenter of the conflict! With more than 50,000 estimated casualties, the three-day engagement was the bloodiest single battle of the conflict. Levi H. Mumper was born on May 8, 1843, to Samuel Weaver Mumper and Mary Catherine (Shultz) Mumper in a house near Dillsburg. Basil Biggs is buried in Lincoln Cemetery alongside his wife, and today a plaque there honors him and the other Sons of Good Will for their good works. Whether they produced battlefield images of the dead or daguerreotype portraits of common soldiers, []. A (Macabre) Family Affair: The Weavers and the Gettysburg Dead, construct the Gettysburg National Cemetery, Civil Discourse: A Blog of the Civil War Era. In early 1889, however, Weaver urged Egerton to make another effort. No soldier killed at Gettysburg ended up in the National Cemetery by divine intervention. Its a rare and striking photograph that shows Weaver and his men exhuming some of the bodies for transfer to the National Cemetery, according to Gettysburg photo historian William A. Frassanito. Did he talk about it with his family or keep it shut up inside? Weaver was receptive to Southern pleas but was killed himself, ending his reign of compassion here on earth. As Creighton reveals, By November 19, 1863, when Edward Everett and Abraham Lincoln spoke to the throngs at Gettysburg, Basil Biggs and company had reburied close to a thousand men. Basil Biggs was born in 1820 in Carroll County, Md., in New Windsor. Her husband was born in Virginia, and his brother, C.C. Skip Ancestry main menu Main Menu. Although known primarily for its proximity to the battlefield, the Borough of 7620 residents is also . Rufus Weaver lived to the ripe old age of 95, passing away peacefully in 1936. He also wrote to Kate Minor, asking what progress had been made in the settlement of the Maury claim. The first African-American Civil War soldier to be buried there was Henry Gooden, 127th USCT, in 1884 (this was a re-burial, since Gooden had originally been buried at the Adams County Almshouse burying-ground).But, Guelzo was quick to add, no others were buried there until 1936. What this meant, Guelzo suspected, was that a de facto segregation policy was the rule until then. Accordingly, some [t]wenty-nine black Civil War veterans were buried before 1920 in the colored cemeterythe Lincoln Cemetery [or Good-will Cemetery, since it was originally created by a black mutual-aid society, the Sons of Good-will]on Long Lane.. Apparently, farmer John Rose was not sympathetic to their mission. Mrs. Egerton would act as intermediary between Dr. Weaver and the HMA for the next 30 years. But Blocher demanded to be paid for allowing the remains to rest in the ground as long as they had. In the process of examining the bodies, he often found things the men had been carrying. Samuel Weaver (1978-21 August 1992) was the son of Randy and Vicki Weaver and one of the inhabitants of the Naples, Idaho lodge besieged by US federal agents in the Ruby Ridge standoff. His efforts to get paid for his hard work proved to be nearly as difficult. He could usually tell by the shoes, undergarments or coat. @1855), Michael (b. Capt. It was a gruesome task. Biggs also discovered that forty-five dead Confederates were buried on the farm, according to the website Pennsylvania Quest for Freedom. If Weaver ever received another copper from the Maury estate or the HMA, there is no record of it. The ladies ignored the board and immediately went to work. Later that summer, 100 sets of remains were sent to Savannah, where they were reinterred with ceremonies in August and September. At the end of the war, tens of thousands of soldiers graves dotted battlefields from Pennsylvania to Louisiana. Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, was the site of the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, with a casualty list more than 40,000 long. Having returned to find his farm ransacked, he realized there was a job to do that nobody else wantedexhuming bodies hastily buried during and immediately after the battle and ensuring that they were returned home or reburied in a more dignified way. The ladies sprang into action, but argued that they could not morally be held responsible for the delay in the payment of a debt of whose existence [they] had all been ignorant and therefore should not be obliged to pay interest on that debt. Janet S. McCabe volunteers at the George Spangler Farm & Field Hospital at Gettysburg and is a lifelong student of Civil War history. Such was the case 155 years ago this week, when Samuel Wilkeson, the Washington bureau chief of The New York Times, covered the pivotal Civil War Battle of Gettysburg. The land was part of the Gettysburg Battlefield, and the cemetery is within Gettysburg National Military Park . It was not long before Weaver heard from the Virginians. However, the graves of men who had fallen in far-off places like Antietam and Gettysburg were beyond the ladies reach, both physically and financially. By 1873, he had exhumed and shipped from Gettysburg the remains of more than 3,000 Southern soldiers to Richmond, Raleigh, Savannah and Charleston. In November 1871, Mrs. E.H. Brown, secretary of the Hollywood Memorial Association (HMA) of Richmond, wrote to Dr. Weaver, who by then had returned to his academic post in Philadelphia, and asked that he meet her in Gettysburg in order to enter into arrangements and make contracts for the removal of the Confederate Virginia soldiers from Gettysburg to Richmond. She was accompanied by Captain Charles Dimmock, formerly of the Confederate Corps of Engineers, at that time city engineer of Richmond. He had also been assured by Captain Dimmock in early 1872 that the ladies had $4,000 in hand for the Gettysburg dead., Unfortunately for Weaver and the ladies of the HMA, their funds had been deposited with Maury & Co., a Richmond banking house that fell victim to the Panic of 1873. His name, if it could be learned, might be penciled on a board stuck in the ground or carved in a nearby tree. The documents she presented caused quite a stir among the ladies of the association. NO communications gublished unless accompanied by the real mame of the writer. We never undertook to collect anything from the Maury estate.Of course if any of this money had been paid to us we would have needed no reminder from you that we had agreed to turn it over to you.. The reburial work moved decorously. It would have been far too dangerous for everyone involved. Gettysburg, however, remained a concern because distance kept former Confederates from easily claiming the bodies. Newspaper: Sentinel: Died, Saturday night last in the 39th year of his age, Samuel Weaver of Straban Twp., 18 Oct 1820, Gettysburg, Adams, PA. 1. Once Confederate dead had been retrieved, and lacking funds for any other enterprises, the HMA essentially dissolved. Ada Egerton, sometimes referred to as Adeline, came from a family of Southern sympathizers. Among his greatest accomplishments was his complete dissection of the . We may earn a commission from links on this page. . Why didnt Weaver sue the HMA for the money he was owed? Husband of Ann Jackson married [date unknown] [location unknown] Husband of Elizabeth (Bygrave) Weaver married 1625 in Jamestown, James City, Virginia, United . This reference book provides information on 24,000 Confederate soldiers killed, wounded, captured or missing at the Battle of Gettysburg. He spared the trees and in 1881 sold seven acres to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association (GBMA) for $125 an acre, plus an additional $475.12 for damages to his property caused by the opening of what would be called Hancock Avenue. Two weeks later, Weaver wrote Egerton again, asking her to inquire among her friends in Richmond if there was anything more to be had from the Maury estate. He was a physician and a lecturer in human anatomy at a medical school in Philadelphia. Weaver was asked to travel to Richmond to meet with the board, which included such influential members as Robert Bryan, attorney, financier, and newspaper editor; W.E. He had a crew of eight or ten negroes in his employ.. 02/28/66 - married a Flenner), Jacob Ross (b. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. The Cemetery was transferred to federal ownership in 1872, and subsequently the War Department opened the Cemetery to non-Gettysburg soldier burials.. The obituary says nothing, however, about his selfless efforts to return the Confederate dead at Gettysburg to their native soil, efforts that went largely unrewarded. I then saw the body, with all the hair and all the particles of bone, carefully placed in the coffin.. Once again, Basil found himself at the center of history. And another unknown soldier was found with a handkerchief spread over his face. . The UDC was a product of the 1890s, and its membership and influence were beginning to eclipse that of the older memorial associations. When Samuel W. Weaver was born on 21 January 1862, in Pennsylvania, United States, his father, Jacob Boger Weaver, was 29 and his mother, Catherine Carroll, was 24. But by 1860, two years after he had settled there, the United States was on the brink of civil war. from New Orleans Theological Seminary and his Ph.D. in Rhetoric from Louisiana State University. Weaver and his men, led by a free black subcontractor named Basil Biggs, dug up 3,354 Northern soldiers and moved them to the new cemetery from Oct. 27, 1863, to March 18, 1864, according to Weavers official report. In the 1860 census, all of Basil and Mary Biggs school-age childrenHanna, Eliza and Calvinwere listed as: attends school.. During that summer of 1871, the family of Lt. Col. David Winn of the 4th Georgia contracted with Weaver to collect and return his body, which had been buried on the David Blocher Farm. Weaver noted that he also examined more than 3,000 rebel graves. Subscribe to our HistoryNet Now! What set them apart from neighbors such as Joseph Sherfy and William Bliss was that they were Black. Thomas Doman, of the 25th Ohio regiment, was found with $4 and a gold locket. Like the dead soldiers her great-great grandfather tended to in the cemeteries there, family stories first had to be unearthed and brought back to the light before they could be properly honored. 14 Gettysburg College 36.0 15 Thiel College 19.5 16 Waynesburg University 18.5 . can say with the greatest satisfaction to myself and to the friends of the soldiers that I saw every body taken out of its temporary resting place, and all the pockets carefully searched.. Gettysburg Compiler August 18, 1896. As early as 1865, his father had started to get inquiries from Southern families seeking help finding the remains of loved ones killed at Gettysburg. Horiuchi said he was aiming . The women appealed to a man named Samuel Weaver, who had been responsible in 1863 for transferring the remains of fallen Union soldiers into the Soldiers National Cemetery in Gettysburg. Samuel Weaver reported 3,512 total Union bodies "taken up and removed to the Soldiers' National Cemetery" October 27-March 18.: . After-all, he had known which burial places not to disinter in 1863. She is currently pursuing her PhD at West Virginia University with research on mental trauma in the Civil War. He suhsequently practiced law for two years with his uncle, Isiah Dill, at Hanptaville, Ala. but in 1860 returned to this state, settling in Lewisburg. How could an obligation of this size have been created? Bieseckers bid, according to Creighton, was a little over a dollar and a half per body. Once he got the contract, what did Biesecker do? 1 Roy, Paul L., editor, "Pennsylvania at Gettysburg: The Seventy-Fifth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg" (Gettysburg: Times and News Publishing Company, 1939).. 2 For reasons noted above, any such list is bound to omit some names, including those of veterans who attended at their own expense. When notified of the legislatures action, Weaver wrote a heartfelt letter of thanks to Robert Stiles in which he reveals the level of care and compassion he devoted to the task for which they had engaged his services. But historians have recorded that the smell of the battlefield could be detected from afar. Even though Biggs didnt live to see that day, he had seen other harrowing days, especially before the Civil War. The majority of those remains were retrieved from the Rose Farm, across which Brig. The series focuses on the African American experience in and around Gettysburg, traveling back to the 1780s and expanding to the present time, each article providing descriptions of local African American people and events that shaped Gettysburg and Adams County. Coco, Gregory A. At some point, the ladies of the Hollywood Memorial Association expanded the scope of the enterprise to include all unidentified remains, in addition to the known Virginia dead. In no instance was a body allowed to be removed which had any portion of the rebel clothing on it, Weaver reported. Rodney Kennedy has his M.Div. G.D. Smith, of the 4th Maine, was found with his false tooth. I was inflexible in enforcing this rule, and . The area around Gettysburg, Pa., was no exception. Brother of Thomas Weaver and Richard Weaver. To cover that, the ladies wanted to petition the Virginia legislature for the funds, but the advisory board advised against that. As the fighting dragged on, desperate soldiers from both sides ransacked the countryside for food and shelter. History of the Bank of Gettysburg, 1814-1864, the Gettysburg National Bank, 1864-1914, of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania . Because the United States Government would only inter Union soldiers in the national cemeteries, these Ladies Memorial Associations took charge of creating Confederate cemeteries and holding Memorial Day ceremonies to honor the dead. During this long interval, I have been waiting and hoping most patiently, as I did for twenty years prior to the present Associations assumption of the responsibility for the debt. In the months and years after the titanic Civil War battle here in July 1863, Weaver was part of a vast and grisly enterprise in which the bodies of thousands of soldiers, first Union and then Confederate, were exhumed and moved. According to an article written in 1929, Rose refused to let the bodies be removed unless the ladies were willing to pay for them. of Gettysburg as agent to purchase a site for "The Soldiers National Cemetery." Semi - Wiley Kahler (Lycoming College) 4-2 won by decision over Mark Samuel (Roanoke College) 11-4 (Dec 17-12) 3rd Place Match . You can inform them, he goes on to say, that my confidence was so implicit in them (Virginians! Weaver reported that 979 of the bodies he exhumed were nameless.. George Washington had complained vociferously about the flood of questionable foreign volunteers. It required one with anatomical knowledge, to gather all the bones, Weaver wrote later. When I learn that the Maury estate will yield any adequate percentage of the original debt to warrant my doing so, I will without complaint release all claim for interest, although I have suffered seriously by long waiting for the principal, he told Kate Minor in a letter dated April 18, 1892. After the elder Weavers death, Southerners turned to his son. Newspaper Page Text RIEL CRS A SPIT RARE LEAT, Dewoeutc alee fp S Bellefonte, Pa., February 6, i821. The wagons were draped in white and black and covered with flowers and Confederate banners. The cemetery authorities paid $1.59 a body, and Washington supplied the pine coffins. It would become one of the busiest Confederate hospital stations during that devastating battle. In cases in which a grave was unmarked, I examined all the clothing and everything about the body to find the name, Weaver wrote. A dozen more were removed from the cemetery at Camp Letterman, the large general hospital managed by the Army of the Potomacs medical corps, located on the York Road east of Gettysburg. They would not finish their workwhich amounted to more than 3500 corpsesuntil the Middle of March 1864. In other words, it took President Lincoln little more than two minutes to orate what he had written, while it took Biggs and his crew four months to finish their grisly task. As the battle approached, they werent taking any chances with Gen. Robert E. Lees rebels, some of whom had seen the invasion as a tempting opportunity to reverse the flow of the Underground Railroad and send runaways, refugees and free black peoplewhomever they foundback down South and straight into slavery. Gen. Joseph Kershaws Brigade advanced on the afternoon of July 2, and from the cemetery and orchard near the Black Horse Tavern on the Fairfield Road, which served as the field hospital for Kershaws Brigade. But Samuel Weaver was killed in February 1871, in a fluke railroad mishap. Cutshaw, who succeeded Charles Dimmock as Richmond city engineer; and Robert Stiles. He was married for 55 year In the summer of 1863, Confederate Army Gen. Robert E. Lee was riding a tidal wave of momentum. Jones to see you on this subject., It is not known whether Egerton received a reply from any of these parties. Although no black soldiers were involved in the battle (Guelzo identifies one unnamed black civilian who, in the midst of the fighting, took up arms on his own with the 5th Ohio and fought valiantly), there were blacks killed in other Civil War battles who deserved proper burial. 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