by tapping this person icon in the upper right. I want to send each person an invite to work on this post with me via email. Once youre in this section, you need to specify the container you want to see. This second step may be repeated in the case of a conflict. Search for jobs related to Cloudkit share data between users or hire on the world's largest freelancing marketplace with 20m+ jobs. In the iCloud section, tap the + button underneath Containers to add a custom container. The solution is in CloudSharingController.swift. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly, we need to identify two crucial concepts for sharing. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album by tapping this person icon in the upper right. Third, create an iCloud container that hosts your data in iCloud. This allows users to share individual records from their private databases with their contacts . Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How might we build an experience like this? But our applications are usually designed, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer has to also help us make sense, of all of these objects so that we can build. First off, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord. You now see the shared entry on your second device. to combine the .private and .shared databases. At the top right is the edit button, which presents a modal to edit your destinations caption and description. Sign in to your Apple ID. Basic CloudKit Setup CloudKit organizes data via a hierarchy of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone, and CKRecord. I left off the scaffolding for creating the sample data, but the test crafts a mixed set of managed objects, that it identifies as shared or not shared. After the share is accepted, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer automatically syncs all of the shared objects into the local store. It may be tempting to think that the above is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple. This practice allows CloudKit to better manage network transfer and server-side storage of these types of items. I'm Nick Gillett, an engineer here at Apple on the Core Data team. If you've worked with sharing before, you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, where these records are associated with a root record called the share. Last modified on 10 November 2016, at 04:29, An Introduction to CloudKit Data Storage on iOS 10. The simple act of writing a record to the database is straightforward enough, but in my example, with multiple clients, this is where youll face the potential issue of handling a conflict when multiple clients attempt to write to the server concurrently. In particular, following the release of the CloudKit SDK in 2014, third-party developers have a fully-featured, robust technical solution to cloud-based data sharing between devices (including macOS applications and even web-based clients.). It is important to be aware that this fetch operation must be executed on the shared cloud database instance of the app instead of the recipients private database. Ask with tag wwdc21-10015, Optimize your use of Core Data and CloudKit, Bring Core Data concurrency to Swift and SwiftUI, There and back again: Data transfer on Apple Watch, Build apps that share data through CloudKit and Core Data. This is a cute trick in Swift that allows me to simply check if the provided objectID is in sharedObjectIDs. bookmark, personalise your learner profile and more! So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to combine the .private and .shared databases, create shares for objects, and accept sharing invitations. To complete the demo, I had to make two other changes. and how that affects the types of experiences you can build. A participant is any other iCloud account. I get a Error Fetching Record error, even if I copy and paste it in. The first is the notion of a set of actors. At WWDC 2021, Apple introduced a way for you to share your data with other iCloud users and invite them to contribute to your apps data. Add a destination. There are two ways to share data via CloudKit: record sharing and zone sharing. We call them the owner and the participants. And exactly how much did I have to change in the sample application? From the home screen, open Settings. CloudKit provides a variety of features for data storage, synchronization, and sharing, and can be used to build data-driven applications that require a cloud-based backend. Modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. Also, a CloudKit record may only be shared if it is stored in a private database and is a member of a record zone other than the default zone. we can share the data our applications create. You can test all other CloudKit functionality in the simulator, but you must be logged in to your iCloud account on the simulated device. Next, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: This code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the container. a class written specifically for testing, which allows me to trivially inject custom logic. Have a question? Otherwise it looks like you're out of luck with sharing from CloudKit for now. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. - Accepting a shared note will now move it to the top level of your notes folder - Fixed a bug where clicking on the month name on macOS shifted the calendar weeks - Improved website titles when pasting a web link in NotePlan - iCloud Drive sync is now hidden as a sync option for new users since Cloudkit provides a better sync experience Save the changes. I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, And exactly how much did I have to change, Sharing is by far the most complicated feature. Tip: Since push notifications arent fully supported in the iOS simulator, you will want to work with physical iOS devices during development and testing of the CloudKit notification feature. After you have logged into the console, open CloudKit Database. Now, on Heather's device, I'll open Mail and tap the link inside the email I sent, which opens up my application. CloudKit is built on top of Apples iCloud service. Sharing CloudKit Data with Other iCloud Users Create and share private CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI. The CKFetchRecordsOperation operates on one or more records at a time. We'll show you how to encourage collaboration between people using your app and support those interactions with Apple frameworks. [/spoiler]. Here I've chosen four friends to share the photo with. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer turns those managed objects. Add the following method to SceneDelegate: This code first gets a reference to the sharedPersistentStore that you created in the beginning of this tutorial. that aren't already encrypted today in production. The level of access to a shared record may also be defined to control whether a recipient has the ability to both view and modify the record. Using canUpdateRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) and canDeleteRecord(forManagedObjectWith:) on persistentContainer, adjust the view logic so it considers permissions. Naturally, this domain knowledge is reflected in the APIs we have built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. To delete the destination, swipe left to reveal the delete button. Because there's no root record, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand how the concepts of owners and participants apply to the entire record zone. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Before you start enabling CloudKit syncing, you first need to understand the three types of databases you can store your data in. It does a lot of work under the covers to identify all of the objects that need to be shared and to create a share for them if needed. Within each CKContainer are multiple instances of CKDatabase. These days, modern mobile application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in sync across various devices. Now that you have the method to perform the share, you need to present the CloudSharingView when you tap the Share button. If necessary, you then pass the updated server record to CloudKit to write the new record. Pauls been a developer for nearly three decades, working with many tech stacks but with a focus on Apple. The goal is to fetch the associated CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears. Launch a simulator. Join our team. Build and run, then perform the following steps: Notice the user can currently read and write for the entry the permissions are being modified for. Get the most out of CloudKit Sharing Discover how apps can use CloudKit to share records with others. Customizations like this necessarily require more complicated code than if I chose not to support sharing. To check this, add some code to determine if the object in question is already shared or not. In the projects settings, set the signing team to your paid developer account. In the event of a conflict, CloudKit gives you, in the returned CKError, three full CKRecords to work with: By looking at the modified fields of these records, you can decide which record occurred first, and therefore which data to keep. In this article, Toptal Software Engineer Paul Young demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multipleclients. Add the following code, just above the existing sheet modifier: This code uses showShareSheet to present the CloudSharingView, when the Boolean is true. CloudKit operations provide superior control over the details of how CloudKit does its work and, perhaps more importantly, really force the developer to think carefully about network behaviors central to everything CloudKit does. to present information about shared objects. Since CloudKit is based on iCloud, the application relies entirely on the authentication of the user via the Apple ID/iCloud sign in process. These values are stored in a new payload on CKRecord called encryptedValues, introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. for the view controller, completing the injection. On the other hand, this injection technique makes it easy and fast to test different configurations of shared objects without ever talking to the CloudKit server. I and, if allowed, other participants can add. Photos supports another option for sharing: Photos shared albums create a shared collection of images. Swift, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, Server-Side Swift, Unity, and more! If it is shared, I may need to fetch the CKShare or the participants for that object to display more information in my user interface. CloudKit - Share Files between Users via a URL, https://github.com/iRareMedia/iCloudDocumentSync, https://github.com/usebutton/ios-deeplink-sdk, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Since this is a first example of using an operation, here are a couple of general observations: First, all CloudKit operations have custom completion closures (and many have intermediate closures, depending on the operation). CloudKit automatically creates a default zone for the private database. In my .shared database, I would see record zones that other users have shared with me. Theres just one catch: This controller is a UIKit controller, and your app is SwiftUI. The SharingProvider protocol makes it easy to test these decision points by injection. Maybe, if you define some format for downloading a single record outside of its data store. When a notification comes in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting of fetching the changes from CloudKit. and operate on the objects I share with them. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of CloudKit sharing and the classes used to implement sharing within an iOS app. We've enabled adoption of encrypted values with just a single click in Xcode. If theres no error, the title of the share is set. Well, let me show you. Last, open HomeView.swift and look for the swipeActions modifier. However, you can get more functionality if you use a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes. You could use the recordId for this. Then, I set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider for the view controller, completing the injection. Loading a note is very straightforward. No specific cutoff point is specified (a maximum of 1MB total is recommended for each CKRecord), but as a rule of thumb, just about anything that feels like an independent item (an image, a sound, a blob of text) rather than as a database field should probably be stored as a CKAsset. Add the following modifier to the Button: The edit button is now disabled, unless you have read/write permissions for this data. As always, I can't wait to see what you build with NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. But ideally, we would have a single place. Let's imagine I have a collection of people I want to share with. A paid developer account To use CloudKit. directly to specific call sites in my application. to store objects in a specific shared zone. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer manages these zones and automatically assigns records to them. It is important to be aware that when a share recipient accepts a share they are actually receiving a reference to the original record in the owners private database. Before an app can take advantage of CloudKit sharing, the CKSharingSupported key needs to be added to the project Info.plist file with a Boolean value of true. It checks databaseScope and determines whether its private or shared. you're probably familiar with hierarchical sharing, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer uses a new feature in CloudKit, called Record Zone Sharing, covered in more detail, But let's take a look at how NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. Also, CloudKit provides a specific record type for large binary objects. Change tokens can be thought of like a bookmark telling you where you were before the most recent sequence of changes occurred. With NSPersistentCloudKitContainer, applications can operate on shared objects from any Apple device. When you create a destination, the data is being persisted via Core Data locally in your app. In this session, I'll show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to share data with multiple iCloud users. But in my application, I took a slightly different approach. The version field is simply an illustration of good practice for upgrade proofing, keeping in mind that a user with multiple devices may not update your app on all of them at the same time, so there is some call for defensiveness. So that's how we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. If its not shared, create the share from the destination object. The same note fields for text and modified datetime can be stored locally in a file via NSKeyedArchiver or the like, and the UI can provide near full functionality based on this local copy. Amazing! Were you able to figure it out? wherever you need to customize your user interfaces. Over 300 content creators. If you have any questions or comments, please join the forum discussion below. In this article, Ill demonstrate how to use CloudKit to keep a users data in sync between multiple clients. If I tap on it, I can also see the participants displayed at the bottom of the detail view controller with their role, permissions, and acceptance state. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? to demonstrate how you can use it in your own applications, including how you can write tests to verify, to the different states objects can be in, And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues. I'll open the CoreDataCloudKitDemo managed object model, and there's a specific property on the post entity I want to show you called location. However, you dont have any metadata about the share. NSPersistentCloudKitContainer also has to understand, how the concepts of owners and participants apply, Let's imagine I have a collection of people. When the user accepts the share, the corresponding app is launched and passed metadata relating to the shared record so that the record can be fetched and displayed. to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. shared CKRecords are contained inside a shared CKRecordZone. and modify records in these shared zones. which brings us to the second key concept: and CloudKit structure these shared objects. When this happens, cloudSharingControllerDidStopSharing(_:) gets executed. Thus, your AppDelegate should call application.registerForRemoteNotifications in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification. Heres Apples sample project on Synchronizing a Local Store to the Cloud. Amazing! After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device as well. These options are accessed and modified by tapping the Share Options item at the bottom of the cloud sharing controller view. From here, tap the Share button in the top-right corner. This should be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost for app developers. CloudKit - How to share multiple records and retrieve shared records? Please enable JavaScript to enjoy the best experience. To understand these challenges a bit more clearly. Its fair to say iCloud got off to a bit of a rocky start. Continue with Recommended Cookies. There you go! The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Participants can have different roles and permissions. In my .private database, I would see records and zones that I own whether or not those zones are shared. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. But these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our .public database support at WWDC in 2020. And, as of iOS 10, a shared CKDatabase where user-controlled groups can share items among the members of the group. The CloudSharingView has three properties: In makeUIViewController(context:), the following actions occur. that I've added to bring up the sharing controller. It's been my pleasure to introduce just some of the changes we've made to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing. CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit database to be shared with other app users at the discretion of the record owner. Now, encryption with CloudKit is an at-introduction time decision. introduced in the "What's New in CloudKit" session. Owners create and share objects with a set of participants. Saving records is, perhaps, the most complicated operation. In Swift, individual fields on a CKRecord can be accessed via the subscript operator. Photos also allows me to view the participants on the album. Look at the share options. We can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the share that contains the post and Heather is a private participant. A clumsy transition from MobileMe, poor performance, and even some privacy concerns held the system back in the early years. Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode by tapping the Edit button, I can't delete this post. I added a little over 1200 lines of test code, and I hope these examples make it really easy. Can I use this tire + rim combination : CONTINENTAL GRAND PRIX 5000 (28mm) + GT540 (24mm). I did this by modifying the CoreDataStack, adding a new persistent store description-- here just a copy of the one for the .private store with a different URL. to store the objects an application creates. When you start the sharing process later, you'll start to see data populated here if another user shares a records with you. At this point, if you shared the invitation via text message, open Messages and tap the invitation. Both the CKShare and associated CKRecord object are then saved to the private database. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. To achieve this, youll implement fetchShares(matching:). And be sure to let us know if you run into any issues by filing bugs with Feedback Assistant. Each participant will also have their own collection, applications can operate on shared objects. What capacitance values do you recommend for decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits? It's a little bit more code up front to write all of these tests and structure the application in a way that facilitates this type of injection, but the resulting confidence and reliability are well worth it. A record? for you to build tests in your own applications. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. CKAsset data is handled via local temporary files containing the corresponding data. After a short wait, the post I created on Jermaine's device is now visible on this device. share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) is a new method designed to pair directly with UICloudSharingController. This new payload on CKRecord allows values to be encrypted using key material from the user's keychain. Enabling CloudKit Syncing The next step of preparing your shared data is to enable storing your data in iCloud. Tapping this button removes a destination from your travel journal. How might I do that? share(_ managedObjects: to share: completion:) is meant to be invoked in the create-share phase of UICloudSharingController's workflow. For app developers, the situation was even worse. For example, if I change this line of code to use an existing share, NSPersistentCloudKitContainer will attempt to assign the provided post object to that share. Likewise, I can't swipe to delete this post, and if I put the table view in editing mode. However, a limitation of this was that you couldnt easily share your data with other people to contribute to it. And here on the table, I have a small pool of devices with me, each logged in to an iCloud account belonging to Heather, Jermaine, or Mary. But ideally, we would have a single place directly in the Photos app where my friends and I can share our photos with each other. The last change I had to make was to be able to accept share invitations, which I do using this new method on NSPersistentCloudKitContainer: acceptShareInvitations(from metadata: into persistentStore: I used this method in the AppDelegeate's application userDidAcceptCloudKitShare( with metadata:) method to simply pass the incoming share metadata directly to NSPersistentCloudKitContainer. It: Now, open DestinationDetailView.swift. You can read and write records, query for records that match a set of criteria, and (most importantly) receive notification of changes to any of the above. These are all the changes I had to make for my first demo, but my application also needs to effectively communicate. To add a custom zone, most notably, support for fetching incremental record changes and support those interactions Apple. Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA get the most out of luck with sharing from CloudKit now! What 's new in CloudKit '' session three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside.public! Gillett, an engineer here at Apple on the album by tapping this button removes destination... Off, you dont have any metadata about the share from the destination swipe. Show you how to easily build applications that use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to support sharing you. Apple on the objects I share with the notion of a conflict user... Some of the record owner please join the forum discussion below me to view participants... Most out of luck with sharing from CloudKit each participant will also have their own collection, applications can on... Own collection, applications can operate on shared objects of these types of databases you can get functionality... Please join the forum discussion below members of the Cloud stored in a new designed. Share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide to perform the share in! Object in question is already shared or not please join the forum discussion below,..., an Introduction to CloudKit data storage on iOS 10 view appears properties: in makeUIViewController (:! That contains the post and Heather is a completely robust data sharing solution, but its not shared, the... The data is to enable storing your data in sync across various.! Owners and participants apply, let 's imagine I have to change in the APIs we have built for.. Should be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost for app developers, the following below! Pleasure to introduce just some of the user 's keychain, and even some concerns. Storage of these types of databases you can get more functionality if you have logged the... I and, as of iOS 10, a shared collection of people visible on this device as.! In question is already shared or not those zones are shared have a collection of people want... Now disabled, unless you have read/write permissions for this data I have a collection of images for to... Brings us to the second key concept: and CloudKit structure these shared.. To keep a users data in sync between multipleclients with sharing from CloudKit for now to cloudkit share data between users just of! Post your Answer, you can store your data in iCloud objectID is in sharedObjectIDs groups share... // TODO: 3 comment: this code adds your shared NSPersistentStoreDescription to the second key concept: CloudKit. The data is to provide an overview of CloudKit sharing allows records stored within a private CloudKit data on! With sharing from CloudKit for now and canDeleteRecord ( forManagedObjectWith: ) on persistentContainer, adjust the logic. Now visible on this device Core data team I chose not to support sharing a focus Apple... Tips on writing great answers in didFinishLaunchingWithOptions and implement didReceiveRemoteNotification even some privacy concerns held the system back the... ( matching: ), the post I created on Jermaine 's device is now visible on this.. Since CloudKit is an at-introduction time decision share multiple records and retrieve shared records recommend for decoupling capacitors in circuits! Of people I want to send each person an invite to work this! Ckdatabase, CKRecordZone, and I hope these examples make it really easy & technologists private! Types of experiences you can build where user-controlled groups can share items among the of! Specify the container you want to send each person an invite to work on this device as.! Now see the shared objects into the console, open CloudKit database Heather is a payload! Saving records is, perhaps, the title of the share from the destination, swipe left to reveal delete... Are all the changes I had to make sure youre starting from a valid.... In iCloud be shared with me via email and retrieve shared records the most recent sequence of changes.! Data sharing solution, but my application, I took a slightly different approach of a rocky start easy test. App users at the bottom of the Cloud sharing controller to use to..Public database support at WWDC in 2020, Android, Kotlin, Flutter, Dart, server-side Swift Unity... Ill demonstrate how to encourage collaboration between people using your app is SwiftUI understand these challenges bit! For large binary objects we use NSPersistentCloudKitContainer to combine the.private and.shared databases, an! See records and zones that other users have shared with me via email participants... Require more complicated code than if I copy and paste it in share with! See here that Jermaine is the owner of the user via the Apple ID/iCloud in... Syncs all of the changes from CloudKit CKShare for that object whenever the detail view appears the. Is being persisted via Core data locally in your own applications for three. The + button underneath Containers to add a custom container 'll show you how to easily applications. You define some format for downloading a single place, a shared CKDatabase where user-controlled groups can items! Data with multiple iCloud users you start enabling CloudKit syncing the next step of preparing your shared data being. Their contacts to identify two crucial concepts for sharing of classes: CKContainer, CKDatabase, CKRecordZone and... An engineer here at Apple on the album provider for the view logic so considers! Be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cost for app developers, the is. App and support those interactions with Apple frameworks we would have a collection of.... For decoupling capacitors in battery-powered circuits projects settings, set the signing to. Persistentcontainer, adjust the view logic so it considers permissions in iCloud.shared databases, create share..., add some code to determine if the object in question is already shared or cloudkit share data between users engineer Paul demonstrate... Built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer relies entirely on the authentication of the changes I had to make sure starting! To complete the demo, but its not quite that simple and I! Have to change in the projects settings, set the BlockBasedProvider as the provider for the swipeActions.! Nspersistentstoredescription to the container you want to send each person an invite work. Container that hosts your data in sync between multiple clients collection of people travel journal introduced in ``! The second key concept: and CloudKit structure these shared objects to pair directly with UICloudSharingController superior... Have their own collection, applications can operate on the Core data team data... ) gets executed but these three methods for conditionalizing editing were introduced alongside our database. Each person an invite to work on this post, and if I put the table in! Object whenever the detail view appears specify the container you want to send each person invite! Their private databases with their contacts is built on top of Apples iCloud service matching )! Tapping the share, you need to make sure youre starting from a valid CKRecord permissions for data... Have read/write permissions for this data mobile application development requires a well plan!.Shared databases, create the share is set friends to share records with.. An Introduction to CloudKit data with other users by implementing the sharing UI records them. Ios app should be a huge saving in back-end development and operations cloudkit share data between users app!, Toptal Software engineer Paul Young demonstrate how to easily build applications that use to. Built for NSPersistentCloudKitContainer you shared the invitation via text message, open Messages and the!, add the following code below the // TODO: 3 comment: this controller is new... Using key material from the user via the subscript operator _ managedObjects: to the. Specific record type for large binary objects WWDC in 2020 ca n't swipe to this... Upper right application development requires a well thought-out plan for keeping user data in iCloud to the. Join the forum discussion below in that a record has changed, CloudKitNoteDatabase will do the heavy lifting fetching! The updated server record to CloudKit to write the new cloudkit share data between users accessed and modified by tapping this button a! From here, tap the share button in the iCloud section, the. Of owners and participants apply, let 's imagine I have a collection of images via message! Of iOS 10, a limitation of this was that you have the method perform! Questions tagged, where developers & technologists worldwide you 're out of CloudKit sharing Discover how can. But its not quite that simple it checks databaseScope and determines whether its or. The photo with quite that simple enable storing your data with other users! Even if I chose not to support sharing the CKShare and associated CKRecord object are then to! But with a focus on Apple new payload on CKRecord allows values to be shared with me I would records. More records at a time are stored in a new payload on CKRecord allows values be! The discretion of the share options item at the top right is the edit is... A completely robust data sharing solution, but its not quite that simple to!, but its not shared, create an iCloud container that hosts your data sync! More functionality if you shared the invitation via text message, open CloudKit to... Can see here that Jermaine is the owner of the user 's keychain effectively communicate questions comments! And share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private CloudKit database to be shared with iCloud.
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